Tracheostomy Tube

A tracheostomy tube is a key tool in airway management, used for patients who require direct access to the trachea (windpipe) for breathing. The tube is inserted into the trachea through a surgical incision in the front of the neck, providing direct airflow in and out. Tracheostomy tubes are used for patients with upper airway obstruction, respiratory failure, or those who need long-term respiratory support.

The tracheostomy tube features a flexible body made from biocompatible materials like PVC or silicone, which is resistant to infection and microbial buildup. It typically consists of two main parts: a cuff (balloon) located at the lower end of the tube that inflates adjustably to prevent air leakage and the entry of foreign materials into the lungs, and an external connector that attaches to respiratory or artificial ventilation devices. In some models, the adjustable cuff is omitted for greater comfort in patients who do not require it.

The tracheostomy tube is essential for patients with severe respiratory issues who cannot breathe through natural airways. It is used in emergency situations and long-term care in ICU settings for patients with airway trauma or chronic respiratory diseases like COPD and ALS. The tube provides a direct breathing passage, which is particularly beneficial for patients requiring long-term mechanical ventilation.

Proper use of the tracheostomy tube requires high precision and regular cleaning and replacement to prevent infection and blockage. Since it directly contacts the airway, it requires careful attention and training for both healthcare providers and patients. Additionally, proper cuff use and volume adjustment are crucial to avoid damaging surrounding tissues.